SWO Specialization Week Kicks Off on CIMSEC

By Dmitry Filipoff

This week CIMSEC is publishing submissions sent in response to our Call for Articles on whether U.S. Navy surface warfare officers should specialize.

The long-running debate between specialized and generalist career tracks for SWOs has regained more relevance in light of growing great power threats. Authors will present well-argued and competing viewpoints in this series.

The lineup is below, and will be updated with further submissions in the coming days.

The Commanding Officer Must Be a Fighting Engineer — Surface Warfare and Generalism,” by Rob Watts
SWO Specialization: Specialize by Platform Groups to Win the High-End Fight, Pt. 1,” by JR Dinglasan
The Merchant Marine Specialized 100 years ago. The Navy should have then, and needs to now,” by Jeff Jaeger
Preparing for the Future Fight: A Blended Career Path for Surface Warfare Officers,” by Scott Mobley
No Time to Specialize,” by Chris Rielage
Specialization vs. Warfighting: Balancing Technology and the Human Element in War,” by Gerry Roncolato
The Surface Warfare Officer Career Path – An Egalitarian Construct in need of some Improvement,” by Mike Fierro

Dmitry Filipoff is CIMSEC’s Director of Online Content. Contact him at Content@cimsec.org.

Featured Image: PHILIPPINE SEA (May 10, 2022) Ensign Krystal Francis, from Augusta, Georgia, holds her Surface Warfare pin prior to being pinned as a Surface Warfare Officer aboard Arleigh Burke-class guided-missile destroyer USS Dewey (DDG 105). (U.S. Navy photo by Mass Communication Specialist 2nd Class Samantha Oblander)

CIMSEC’s Top 10 of 2025

By Dmitry Filipoff

In the past year, numerous authors wrote for CIMSEC to offer useful insights and analysis on a broad range of maritime security topics and naval affairs. We are grateful to our readers and authors for contributing to the conversation on our pages. Our top ten most-viewed articles from 2025 are listed below, and we look forward to an exciting year in 2026!

1. “Exposed Undersea: PLA Navy Officer Reflections on China’s Not-So-Silent Service,” by Ryan Martinson

Writing in the November 2023 issue of Military Art (军事学术), a prestigious journal published by the Chinese Academy of Military Science, three PLAN officers revealed that the peacetime operations of Chinese submarines are highly vulnerable to the U.S. Navy’s undersea surveillance system, raising serious questions about their strategic and operational utility.”

2. “Neither Fish nor Fowl: China’s Development of a Nuclear Battery AIP Submarine,” by Dr. Sarah Kirchberger and CAPT Christopher P. Carlson, USN (Ret)

Given the rapid modernization of China’s military, and particularly its navy, it seems advisable to keep an eye on the likelihood that the Type 041 submarine could be sporting a novel, auxiliary nuclear powerplant in place of the Stirling engine previously employed in its AIP propulsion system.”

3. “If the U.S. Navy can’t Repair Ships in Peacetime, how will it do so in War?” by Michael Hogan

If the Navy is to meet the demands of a major conflict, it must prioritize not only shipbuilding but also ship repair and salvage capabilities. The lessons of the past are clear—effective battle damage repair and salvage can mean the difference between victory and defeat.”

4. “Navy Force Planning with a Pertinacious Marine Corps,” by Bruce Stubbs

The United States Marine Corps has an outsized effect on Navy force planning. While the Navy and the Marines exhibit a sincere and genuine single team spirit conducting global naval operations, they are a fierce team of rivals when determining the requirements for amphibious ships, which the Navy funds for their construction and operation.”

5. “Small Craft, Big Impact: Ukraine’s Naval War and the Rise of New-Tech Warships,” by David Kirichenko

Over the past few years, Ukraine’s growing use of naval drones has pushed both sides to rapidly adapt, accelerating the race for countermeasures and maritime innovation. NATO would do well to study Ukraine’s approach as it prepares for the future of warfare at sea.”

6. “Break China’s Grip on Shipping with the Multilateral Maritime Alliance,” by Blaine Worthingon

While there have been some nods to bilateral cooperation in shipbuilding, the United States has not made a concerted effort toward a robust, multilateral counter-China maritime strategy. That needs to change. A coordinated, multinational approach is required to counter Chinese shipping dominance.”

7. “Bringing Command and Accountability Back to Surface Fleet Maintenance,” by Capt. John Cordle, USN (ret.) and Capt. Holman Agard, USN

Radical change, with incremental and careful execution, is urgently needed within the US Navy’s Surface Ship Repair Maintenance enterprise to rectify the shortcomings of two decades of well-intentioned initiatives that rendered a majority of Surface ships neglected and ill-equipped for combat.”

8. “China’s Coming Small Wars,” by Michael Hanson

The crucible of real combat must test PLA leadership, units, and operational methods before attempting an invasion of Taiwan. China’s adversaries should remain attuned to China’s engagement in small wars as means to advance political objectives and test its forces in preparation for a Taiwan invasion.”

9. “Parting Ways: A NATO Naval Strategy Without America,” by CDR Paul Viscovich, USN (Ret.)

Whether the U.S. outright withdraws from the Alliance or simply reneges on its obligations, the Europeans and Canada must accept full responsibility for their own defense and embrace the challenges this will demand. One of these responsibilities is developing a NATO naval and maritime strategy that is independent of American participation and priorities.”

10. “Bring Out the Knives: A Programmatic Night Court for the Surface Navy,” by Chris Rielage

If sailors are already fully occupied and their schedules are overflowing, it hardly matters how good the new simulators or WTIs are. The present system of time allocation in the surface fleet is not a deliberate product of a warfighting-centric focus, but rather an unchecked process of creeping administrative overload. When new tacticians and training tools hit the fleet, they are eclipsed and diluted by a vast array of miscellaneous requirements. The leaders of the surface force must launch an effort to systematically protect time for tactics by aggressively pruning other requirements, or else these new efforts will fall short.”

Dmitry Filipoff is CIMSEC’s Director of Online Content. Contact him at Content@cimsec.org.

Featured Image: PLA Navy Aircraft carriers Shandong (Hull 17) and Fujian (Hull 18) moored in a wharf at night. (Photo via eng.chinamil.com.cn and by Mu Ruilin)

Sea Control: 593 Information and Warfighting with General Robert Neller

Host Brian Kerg talks with General Robert Neller, USMC (Ret.) to discuss the role of information in warfighting and the Marine Expeditionary Force Information Group (MIG).

General Robert Neller served as the 37th Commandant of the United States Marine Corps from 2015 to 2019. He was commissioned in 1975 and served as an infantry officer. As a general officer he also served as the commanding general of the 3d Marine Division, the Director of Operations on the Joint Staff, the commander of Marine Corps Forces Central Command, and commander of Marine Corps Forces Command/Fleet Marine Forces, Atlantic.

Download Sea Control: 593 Information and Warfighting with General Robert Neller

Links

1. “For 250 years, it’s been ‘change or lose’ for our military. Here’s what needs changing now,” by Robert Neller and Peter Singer, Defense One, June 22, 2025.

2. “Change or Lose: Past and Future War Lessons on 250th Birthday of the US Army and US Marine Corps,” by Robert Neller and Peter Singer, Youtube, November 10, 2025.

3. “Thinking First, Adapting Fast: Debating the Marine Corps’ Need for the Information Group,” by Brian Kerg, War on the Rocks, November 7, 2025.

4. “Kill It or Fix It: Why Marine Corps Information Warfare Has Failed After a Decade of MIGs,” by Dan Burns, Information Professionals Association, August 20, 2025.

5. “Killing the MIG is the Last Thing We Should Do,” by Colonel Ray Gerber, USMC (Ret.), Information Professionals Association, September 7, 2025.

6. “Blinding First, Striking Fast: Why the Marine Corps Needs Information Groups,” by Ben Jensen and Ian Fletcher, War on the Rocks, October 13, 2025.

Brian Kerg is Co-Host of the Sea Control podcast. Contact the podcast team at Seacontrol@cimsec.org.

Jim Jarvie edited and produced this episode.

Annual Fiction Week Concludes on CIMSEC

By Dmitry Filipoff

For the last two weeks, CIMSEC featured short stories submitted in response to our Call for Fiction.

Authors explored a wide variety of scenarios and dilemmas. From unmanned warship attacks to deceptive electronic warfare, to undersea swarms and a drone strike on a president, these stories envision the complex possibilities of future conflict. 

Below are the authors and stories that featured during this edition of CIMSEC’s annual fiction week. We thank them for their excellent contributions.

Task Force Rust Bucket,” by Tyler Totten

“The Navy had been keeping a regular-as-clockwork blinding campaign since the war’s start, typically doing nothing in the window. The hope by this point was that the PLA largely ignored the window other than to recheck the locations of the three prowling CSGs that threatened but did not move west from their racetracks around Midway. Further west of that had…unfortunate outcomes.”

Anna palaa!” by Ben Plotkin

“Chameleon composite IR damping nanotiles coated the HAGs, morphing and mirroring the bleak winter palette. The coaxial rotors ran individual blade control—piezo flaperons twisting each blade to kill harmonics at the source—while higher-harmonic control flattened the acoustic lobes. Their rotor signatures muted to a murmur. Skimming the frozen flats, the three helicopters were almost invisible and unnervingly quiet.”

The Narco Sea: Three Headings to One Target,” by Till Andrzejewski

“‘They’d have destroyed the evidence as soon as you boarded,” he says into the radio silence. ‘Or they never had any. There are two kinds of ships: those we sink, and those we haven’t sunk yet.’”

Decapitation,” by Malcolm Reynolds

“Amusement flickered across the general’s face, though his eyes remained cold. ‘Your teams are our instrument for punishing that arrogance, and the arrogance of all the decades preceding it.’ The general checked his watch. ‘My apologies, Comrade Colonel. You must head to the assembly area, and I’m delaying you.’”

Friendly Fire Isn’t,” by Paul Viscovich

“’Still trying to figure it out, sir. It’s possible that while the Chinese were destroying our satellites, GPS was being slowly degraded without us realizing it. By the time the system was hard down, who knows how far off track we might’ve been?’”

Phantom Cable,” by Sandro Carniel

“Meyer’s jaw tightened. He knew the IMARC — the Intergovernmental Maritime Research Center — had insisted that a climate scientist be on board for exactly this reason, and that their written orders specified that in case of conflicting priorities, she would have the final word. Still, part of him struggled to accept it. So he decided to challenge her. ‘And what do you think is hiding down there?’”

Locks and Shadow Swarms,” by Philip Kiley

“In theory, drones were an amplifier to airpower rather than a force that redrew frontlines. In practice, Mara thought, they were a perfect weapon for the canal: cheap, anonymous, and deadly where maneuver was impossible. A tanker in a lock had the evasiveness of a parked building. Against a swarm that used surveillance to find a seam and kamikaze strikes to exploit it, the ships felt exposed.”

Habeas Corpus,” by Jay Turner

“Politics aside, he thought back to his leadership and ethics courses, including such topics as rules of engagement and the law of the sea. The idea of attacking a vessel that presented no physical threat, and then making no effort to pick up survivors, seemed abhorrent to him. And yet the order implied exactly that.”

No Fly Zone,” by Bryan Williams

“He’s up the ladder and in the cockpit, helmet fastened, strapped into the seat as the engines whine, their turbines spooling up as he runs through the startup sequence and closes the canopy. Then he gives a thumbs up to the ground crew, who either heroically or suicidally guide him out into the open, yelling for him to go as the AA guns in the distance open fire towards the west.”

The Henry Protocol,” by Joe Huskey

“’Colonel, your understanding is not important to the outcome of the simulation,’ Womack said. He had raised his voice a little, the first real sign of emotion. ‘If you knew everything then it wouldn’t be a real test.’”

Fit to Print,” by Ben Van Horrick

“When war broke out with China, the editors needed steady hands, turning to Nora and Abe. The flurry of news wilted the newsroom staff. For Abe and Nora, it was a rebirth. For the past 96 hours, Nora and Abe had remained in the office and napped where they could. Staffers checked on them with a mix of concern and intrigue.”

Perspective,” by Daniel Lee

“Before she could finish her sentence, an ear-splitting crack far louder than any lightning bolt resonated through the air. Stef then saw multiple fireballs emerge from the clouds above, followed by a cloud of small dark objects that acquired a green S-LINK outline on approach. One of these objects cohered into the shape of a man as it descended, slowing on final approach until he landed before Stef like some sort of heaven-sent angel. The man was clad head-to-toe in armor, torso and limbs encompassed in a sinewy exoskeleton, and he carried a rifle Stef had only seen on the net. Stef stared. ‘Holy shit,’ he exclaimed. ‘They sent HERA.’”

The Phantom’s Last Ride,” by Karl Flynn

“Detlev gave Amir an incredulous look. ‘Those birds are ancient. Even if we can get them flying, they’re dead meat in the air. What exactly is the plan for them?'”

Ghost Town,” by Kenyan Medley

“The nuclear-powered aircraft carrier was now a husk—a carcass floating down the river Styx. Its passageways once flowed with the lifeblood of the Navy. Men and women of all ages, colors, creeds, and sizes. All of them wore different uniforms—a rainbow of flight deck jerseys, flight suits, coveralls, and utilities. Everyone had a purpose. Now just one intelligence officer fused all-source intelligence and information fed to him by AI into assessments delivered to just two afloat warfare commanders who answered to headquarters in San Diego.”

What is Old Is New Again,” by Mike Hanson

“The Marines’ role was frustratingly limited as the opposing fleets clashed beyond the range of their land-based fires nodes. They seemed to have missed their chance…at first.”

Dmitry Filipoff is CIMSEC’s Director of Online Content. Contact him at Content@cimsec.org.

Featured Image: Art created with Midjourney AI. 

Fostering the Discussion on Securing the Seas.